Jester David
Hero
Whichever one is being played by the power gamer of your group.
I'm not trying to make myself unstoppable by the GM, because there is no point and the GM can always beat any character if they need to.
I do play classes in typical adventures, I've played in 4 or 5 different games so far and I am not always going for the optimal builds for my characters, but in this post I'm very much interested in theorycraft. DnD has one of the more detailed combat systems I've played in and I like see how powerful you can make a character. I'll probably never play the 19Wizard/1cleric, the 18Bard/2Warlock, or the 20 Druid, but I do like thinking about this stuff.
My impulse is to deny the question: 5e is based around the roving-spotlight style of balance. No class is 'most powerful,' in every circumstance, each will shine some fraction of the time. When you need to beat down a magic-immune golem, the fighter will shine, when you need to bring back a dead comrade, the Cleric will shine, when you need to steel a sacred scroll, the Rogue will shine, and so forth.
If you want raw, quantitative, easily measured power, look at DPR. You have a crowded field: the Fighter leads the pack in the simplest analyses due to multiple attacks, while the Barbarian, Paladin, and Warlock can all rival it - and so can most other classes in just the right situation, or by a metric that favors them (adding up all the damage done to each of many enemies in an AE, for instance).
If you want to shake the classes out into Tiers (which, more than anything, were a ranking of versatility), the usual suspects - Wizard, Druid, Cleric - bubble to the top (and, together, they represent 17 of 38 possible sub-classes, so in a sense, that's half the potential PCs in Tier 1, making it a lot less meaningful). The Bard can't be far behind them, while Warlocks and Sorcerers are solidly Tier 2. Tiers 3 & 4 would be inhabited by the half-casters (Paladin, Ranger, Eldritch Knight, Arcane Trickster), Monks, Barbarians, and the Assassin, Thief, and perhaps even Battlemaster, with the Champion bringing up the rear, but hardly bad enough at his specialty to rate Tier 5. A bimodal distribution, really, with Tier's 1 & 4 predominant.
Still doesn't give you a clear answer to the question, though. ;P I mean, think about it, you've got two plausible rankings, and the guy arguably in the lead of the one, is right at the bottom of the other. It's not a tight, robust, or predictable sort of balance - but it's not entirely unlike the volatile balance of the classic game - which, is, afterall, the feel 5e was aiming for.
And, don't forget the other major goal of 5e: DM empowerment.
How powerful the class is in the standard game is just a starting point. The DM could take a lowly class and elevate it, or cut an 'overpowered' one down to size, either by modding them, or by manipulating the situations in his campaign, or by simply ruling consistently to (dis)favor one or the other.
That's wise.I did spend some time looking at DPR, and I think Bard takes the cake with 40d6 and 20d8 using a total of a level 9 spell slot, level 1 spell slot, level 2 slot, and level 5 spell slot, but that's not the only measure I want to use
Nod. It's mostly about versatility in play, which is one very important factor (as is DPR). If you found the Bard coming out on top of DPR (I'd never heard that one before), and put it in Tier 1, I think you've found your personal winner.The tier system is an interesting way to look at things. Personally, I'd put Wizard, Bard, and Druid at T1. Cleric, Sorcerer, and Warlock at T2. Pally, fighter, barb at T3. Monk, Rogue, Ranger at T5.
A very reasonable assumption in the 3.x era, when the community sentiment was very much in favor of RAW. In 5e, the pendulum has swung the other way, and the rules are once again just a starting point. Assuming RAW isn't a good assumption anymore...All of my theorycrafting assumes no house rules, since those change from group to group and a game not skewed for or against a particular character, since once again there is really no way to accurately factor that in.
Whichever one is being played by the power gamer of your group.
You answered your own question: The DM is the most powerful character.
That said, Wizard (diviner)1-17/Cleric 3 Halfling with the Luck feat is pretty fun...Manipulating Dice is fun (Halfling "luck", luck feat, diviner extra dice). I wish there was a "Fate/Luck" domain so I could add to it ( I know there is stuff here, I mean "official"). Not powerful in terms of raw BOOM, but certainly a game changer.
That's wise.
Nod. It's mostly about versatility in play, which is one very important factor (as is DPR). If you found the Bard coming out on top of DPR (I'd never heard that one before), and put it in Tier 1, I think you've found your personal winner.
A very reasonable assumption in the 3.x era, when the community sentiment was very much in favor of RAW. In 5e, the pendulum has swung the other way, and the rules are once again just a starting point. Assuming RAW isn't a good assumption anymore...
...except, of course, for AL. Even then, it's the AL spin on the Standard Rules you'd want to look at.
Bardic Inspiration only works on the bard's allies.
You overlooked Expertise which makes them quite hard to surprise.
Bard's lack the ability to deal substantial damage. They would have to give up a lot to do less damage than most martials.
As far as power goes, it's based on what you want to do. Each class has extremely powerful abilities that stand out in a multitude of situations.