According to the television show's website, the Battlestars (including the Galactica) have a crew complement of almost 2000. There are only about 50,000 survivors. It would take 1 out of every 25 survivors to fully man the Galactica.
With all there is to do aside from operating the Galactica (remember, the refugee ships need to be crewed and repaired also), and considering how many of the civilians would likely have knowledge or experience applicable to operating a starship, it's not surprising that they're on short crews and long shifts.