Now I regret my last post.
Here's an example of doing something worst to a character then killing them...
Indeed.
The flaw inherent in the "survival value is all-important" argument is that it has forgotten that survival is, always, merely a means to an end, at least for a sapient being.
"Friendship is unnecessary, like philosophy, like art, like the universe itself.... It has no survival value; rather, it is one of those things which
give value to survival." (C.S. Lewis,
The Four Loves, emphasis added.)
I had always, even from a very young age, bristled at any argument which based itself on "well you HAVE to survive, everything else can be taken care of after that". But that isn't true. Sometimes, we cannot bear to live with being the kind of person who would choose survival over some other thing. Even if that other thing is a fruitless effort. It is necessary to pursue those things
which give value to survival, not just pursuing survival itself.
Putting everyone through the same meatgrinder and hoping you'll get anyone who comes out thinking "Yes, this means I need to
care" is straight-up shooting yourself in the foot. That doesn't mean folks need to go all the way to the kind of thing I do. But it does mean that if one is striving for players who are invested, who care about the experience they're having...they need to give the players a
reason to care.
"Survive" isn't a reason to care. It needs the things that give value to survival. Otherwise, it's just a brief, lame joke.