This is difficult to do on a strictly behavioral spectrum, but good races/spceies have a lot of back story and history put into them to make them exciting and different to play.
One of the last fantasy settings that really suprised me was the world of the Dragon Age game. It is a very genric setting on the surface without really adding anything new or unique, but it's the backstories that really explain a lot how the different people tick.
The primary religion of the humans was founded by a prophetess who rallied the supressed masses to rise up against the decadent ruling class of mages. While her followers eventually destroyed the empire and left the mages only with the very core of the heartland, the prophetess was captured before the end of the rebellion and executed by the mage-lords. With the church being very strong, almost all humans are raised in fear that mages may once again try to enslave normal people, and the church hunts down all free mages who try to avoid joining the official mage guild and live in its facilities.
From the human perspective, the Templars, who keep watch over the mage guild and hunt down those who refuse to join, are heroes who protect the people from very serious threats. Mages who try to avoid the Templars are regarded as criminals who are planning evil things in secret.
At the same time, the shamans of the wood elf tribes are also mages. To humans, that makes no difference. All mages have to live with the guild, or are evil and must be killed. To the elves, it means that humans try to destroy their culture by murdering all their religious leaders and lorekeepers. Which really doesn't leave much room for compromise.
To the humans, the church is the protector of peace and the Templars the only thing that saves them from being enslaved by demon-possessed mages. To the wood elves, the Templars are evil murderers, serving a terrible god whose servants are trying to annihilate the elven race.
In a pnp game, this would make a party that includes both Templars and wood elves impossible, but I don't think that a setting needs to be made in a way that supports every possible random combination of characters. But I think it is a great example how a little bit of backstory makes a huge impact on how characters of different races percieve the world around them.
Let's say the PCs encounter a Templar who is hunting an actually evil mage who is about to summon demons and let them lose on innocents. Wood elves would hate to help him in any way at hunting mages, but from a human perspective there really is no need why they should be hostile to him.