The Monk in Dungeons & Dragons, 5th Edition
We first see an illustration of a human or elven woman with European features holding out her hands, which glow with some kind of magical energy. In the background stands a tall building with Chinese-style concave sloped tile roofs. Her outfit doesn’t look Asian, but its saffron-and-red colors evoke vestments from the
Shàolín Monastery, where all this Asian fighting monk business started. However, as I mentioned in
Best Practices for Religious Representation, the cultural influences in this class come from all over the place.
- The hook paragraphs describe a half-elf using acrobatics and deflecting arrows with her fists as she beats up hobgoblins; a tattooed human breathing fire at some orcs; and a halfling ninja about to stab a bad guy. I get the first one, that works as a Chinese Shàolín monk thing. I get the second one, maybe he’s the Avatar. But why is there a ninja? Shouldn’t a ninja be a ranger or rogue? Sure, ninja know martial arts, but so do fighters, paladins, rogues, and rangers. Is it just an ethnic thing? Monks know martial arts, and when Asians are fighting it’s automatically martial arts? Influences:


- Next we hear about ki, the monk’s power source. Were we actually to follow Chinese or Japanese understandings of breath energistics, it would be as relevant to clerics, fighters, and rogues as it is to monks. Instead this game has redefined a basic idea of Asian medicine as a magic points pool. You can check the heading “Prāṇa, Qì, and Ki” in the religion article for more details, but for now, suffice to say it’s a little weird that this Chinese monk concept accompanies some Japanese vocabulary which isn’t even in common English circulation. Just as the monk sticks out as the lone regionally typed class, the game term “ki” sticks out as an incongruous foreign term in a book otherwise written in English. I guess it sounds more exotic than if they just called it spirit points or something. Influences:
I guess
- The monk’s most important ability scores are Dexterity and Wisdom. I would have expected Strength rather than Dexterity for a Shàolín monk, but I’m not finna overthink it because I find the way D&D maps real-world activities to the six ability scores inconsistent at best and mystifying most of the time. We’ll come back to Dexterity and Wisdom when we talk about Western conceptions of Eastern combat and its related stereotypes, though.
- The monk primarily fights either unarmed or using a list of “monk weapons, which are shortswords and any simple melee weapons that don’t have the two-handed or heavy property.” I don’t understand where aversion to heavy weapons came from even as a stereotype. The Shàolín monk’s signature hand-to-hand weapon was the monk’s spade, a heavy staff with a modified spade on one end and a T-shaped blade on the other. The Japanese sōhei’s signature hand-to-hand weapon was the superheavy glaive called a bisentō. Maybe it has something to do with the monk’s Dexterity emphasis?
- The monk fights without armor. That’s from wǔxiá cinema, I guess?

- The monk has various abilities listed as “martial arts” which involve, uh, attacking, defending, moving quickly, and jumping around. Like, okay, but other classes do these things too.
- High-level monks can sustain themselves on ki alone, turn invisible, and astrally project. I think these abilities draw on Chinese sources, but … they’re actually from Daoist sources like the Lièzǐ, not Buddhist ones like Shàolín. Yes, some Shàolín monks studied Daoism. Yes, Daoism had its own monastic traditions. But conflating Daoism and Buddhism is not to be undertaken lightly. Still, the David Carradine television series Kung Fu notoriously featured Buddhist monks spouting Daoist aphorisms. Seriously, y’all, that was one scene in The 36th Chamber of Shàolín, not justification for confusing two different religions on a regular basis.

So the monk mostly draws on Chinese sources, except culturally conflated with ki and ninja stuff from Japan. No other character class has any cultural signifiers like it, not even the barbarian or druid. The barbarian isn’t actually from a foreign land, they’re just angry. The druid is a wilderness magician who resembles a Celtic religious leader only in name and sickle proficiency. There’s one racialized class, and its race is “Asian martial artist.” Which Asian martial artist? All of them.
This ain’t it, daimyō.