1) The situation was simply set up to screw the players; not in and of itself a bad idea, but I certainly wouldn't try and stage the nigh-climactic battles of my campaign while everyone's PC is still digging sleep out of their eyes and wearing, at best, their nightshirts.
2) The timeframe is completely out of whack. Completely. It took less time to rouse the Duke and explain the situation
and get him moving than it did for three characters to don their armor?
And why wasn't the PC who flew over the Duke's walls
unannounced in the middle of the night filled with arrows/crossbow bolts?
3) The rules
are being applied inconsistently -- Super-Duke got there in time to help, after being roused from his slumbers/reverie, but the PCs who decided to put on their armor couldn't?
Uh-huh.
4) And what was the explosion all about? It strikes me that it was simply to announce to the PCs, ''Time to get up! Time to
die!''
5) If there were 140 troops surrounding the tower, why weren't there a contingent of wizards/sorcerers and clerics stationed there with them to provide backup?
Or are the PCs the only spellcasters in town, besides the vampires and the Duke ?
6) The player lost his temper; it happens. I've lost my temper a few times in the last 22 years over in-game events, and so have some of my players, but we give each other a certain amount of leeway
because we're friends; I wouldn't put up with it myself from a casual acquaintance or a stranger, and would hold my temper better
with someone I don't know too well..
The player, for all of that, sounds like a jerk; if he
isn't a friend, I'd get rid of him.
But he has a point about how you played the scenario out.