Sweden is taking a risky path. Supposedly, they’re trying to get enough Swedes exposed to develop herd immunity. Problem is, that’s a tactic that works best with vaccines. That’s because the more contagious the disease, the higher the percentage of your populace needs to be exposed or immunized to achieve the goal of herd immunity. That’s why the USA has seen outbreaks of measles since our MMR vax rate dipped into the low 80s.
Right now, Covid-19’s R0 is estimated at 3.3 or so, slightly lower than Mumps. (See below.) If you need 60-70% (guesstimating) of your population to be exposed to get herd immunity to Covid-19, and your country of 4M+ people is currently registering a death rate of 10%, that translates into a few hundred thousand dead.
If I’m not mistaken, that’s a formula England considered and quickly rethought.
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When enough people are immune to a disease, the "herd" protects those who cannot safely receive a vaccine.
www.pbs.org