How utterly fascinating. I started out thinking I knew what was what, proved myself wrong, then discovered details I never Knew as regarding 2wF...
So, get this:
srd said:
STANDARD ACTIONS
Attack
Making an attack is a standard action.
Melee Attacks: With a normal melee weapon, you can strike any opponent within 5 feet. (Opponents within 5 feet are considered adjacent to you.) Some melee weapons have reach, as indicated in their descriptions. With a typical reach weapon, you can strike opponents 10 feet away, but you can’t strike adjacent foes (those within 5 feet).
Multiple Attacks: A character who can make more than one attack per round must use the full attack action (see Full-Round Actions, below) in order to get more than one attack.
Full Attack
If you get more than one attack per round because your base attack bonus is high enough, because you fight with two weapons or a double weapon or for some special reason you must use a full-round action to get your additional attacks. You do not need to specify the targets of your attacks ahead of time. You can see how the earlier attacks turn out before assigning the later ones.
[snip] (movement 5’ comment) [/snip]
If you get multiple attacks because your base attack bonus is high enough, you must make the attacks in order from highest bonus to lowest. If you are using two weapons, you can strike with either weapon first. If you are using a double weapon, you can strike with either part of the weapon first.
Special Attacks:
Two-weapon fighting Fight with a weapon in each hand
TWO-WEAPON FIGHTING
If you wield a second weapon in your off hand, you can get one extra attack per round with that weapon. You suffer a –6 penalty with your regular attack or attacks with your primary hand and a –10 penalty to the attack with your off hand when you fight this way.
1) To make more than attack requires the Full Attack Action (full round).
1a) Even if armed with 2 weapons, to hit with the second requires the full attack action... huh.
2) To Wield a weapon in your off hand, is to 'fight with two weapons'.
2a) To 'fight this way', i.e. to 'fight with two weapons' means you 'can' get an extra attack, but regardless of the extra attack, you take penalties.
This answers a previous question someone had regarding holding a dagger in their off hand, but not attacking with it... Just the longsword in their primary. It doesn't matter - you still take the penalties.
I think it's a fairly clear implication that the phrase 'to fight this way' refers to 'fight with two weapons'. While I can see the arguement that it refers to taking that extra attack, I'd have to disagree. It doesn't say 'when taking this extra attack', it says 'fighting this way' and the full attack option references it as 2 weapon fighting.
However, like I said, I can see the counter-arguement, I just don't agree, believing that the rules are actually 'clear' - or at least as clear as they can get for 3/3.5 dnd
That said, given my intrepretation there, how would a fighter swing at +5 and at +6/+1? Because I've managed to utterly confuse myself regarding the nature, order, and penalties to the attacks. Assume no TWF profs, and show the calculations behind the numbers, please???