Quibbles
So ... I'm having a problem with (IMO) inconsistencies in the narrative description of fireball and the game mechanic description.
A fireball has an instantaneous effect.
All spell parameters (in this case, targeting) are specified when a fireball comes into effect.
A fireball creates a bead that travels to the target and explodes.
What is the effect? The bead creation? Or the explosion? Both?
I'm seeing that "instantaneous" has two meanings; one is how long the spell effect takes to occur, the other whether or not the spell effect can be dispelled once it has taken effect. Generally, a spell that is instantaneous (meaning cannot be dispelled) is presumed to occur in an eyeblink (in an instant), but for fireball that is not the case. (Or is it the case? That is one of the disagreements in this thread.)
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Also having a problem with the meaning of how initiative is updated. If we accept that a player who performs a readied action has their initiative updated to be just before the initiative of the triggering action (where the trigger is a part of the action, not the action itself), then is the initiative update the mechanical way of patching the initiative that is merely a "best fit", or does it prescribe that the trigger action must actually occur entirely before the entire triggering action? (I'm OK with the adjustment of initiative, but I've always taken that as a best fit, not an actual statement of when things were happening.)
Hmm, A is 30' away from B and C. C readies to take a 5' step if A attacks him. A charges B and drops him, then attacks C as a benefit of the cleave feat. C takes a 5' step away, ruining the cleave attack. Is this a legal use of a readied action?
(Also: A is 30' away from B, C, and D. The same charge, cleave, and 5' step occur. Can the cleave attack be used against D or is it wasted?)
(Also: A is 30' away from B and C. There is an open hallway behind C, but D is standing in the way. D readies to take a 5' step back if A charges. C readies to take a 5' step into D's space if attacked by A. A charges B and drops him, then cleaves into C. As soon as A charged, D took a 5' step. Then C moves 5' into D's space when attacked by A. At the end of the sequence, the initiative order is adjusted to D, C, A, with B's initiative unspecified and unchanged.)
(Ok, to make this bizarre: A is 30' away from B, and C. There is a teleport trap just behind C that will take you to the square just 5' in front of A. A charges B, cleaves into C, causing C to take a 5' step onto the teleport trap, which deposits C onto a square just 5' in front of where A started his charge, where it would normally prevent the charge.)