Sure we can do that. The Paladin template gives us the conversion of a level 1 spell slot to 2d8 damage, which is roughly equivalent to d10 plus rider. If we use the utility of cantrips to round up get the following, roughly: starting at 4 dice and going up a die every level. It's not exactly the same as the EK spell progression, but it's close, mind you that's not a SR resource, it's a LR resource. Those could be converted back to spells to if we wanted. Also, that progression starts at third. We could start the shroud lower at 1st, match up with 4 at third and also be able to add other options for spending the points based on subclass abilities.
It would be more precise to keep the dice at d8s (doubling the number of available dice, roughly), and call it spend a die to add a rider, or more damage, rather than always combining them. That would fine tune player control of the resource a little because it's more granular.
I'd start with the dodge and then move up to the riposte, or combine them. For example, if it were a shroud ability, as a reaction when hit spend a shroud point and get +5 AC for the remainder of the round, if that would make the attack miss, you may take a free melee attack at your attacker. Obviously based on Shield, but it could work.
Edit - oops, I did all that math based on 1/3 caster. That might be enough dice though. Lemme know, and I can fine tune the numbers either way.